You don't necessarily associate the birth of a child with the onset of depression, but for a least 1 in 8 women this will happen.
In fact, this number is almost certainly higher, as women are slow to report their symptoms for fear of being judged for being a bad mum.
There are several theories as to why postnatal depression (PND) occurs. It may be due to changing hormone levels after pregnancy, but we do know that women who were depressed during their pregnancy, or who suffered from depression before they were pregnant are more likely to develop PND. Premature delivery, traumatic labour and difficulty with breast feeding are all risk factors too.
Most women will experience the so-called baby blues in the first week after delivery, when they can be emotional and tearful. This doesn’t last and passes quickly. PND usually starts within a few months of delivery but can start up to 12 months after. Some of the warning signs include:
- Anxiety
- Exhaustion
- Sadness and hopelessness
- Tearfulness
- Loss of appetite
Most new mums have one or two of these symptoms on some days. But, if you feel you are like this all the time, you should see your doctor. They should be able to identify your symptoms as PND pretty easily.
Treatment for PND involves either talking therapy, medication or both, depending on your wishes and the severity of your depression. The medication used for PND is compatible with breastfeeding, so there's no need to wean your baby if you are prescribed a medication. These include Sertraline (Lustral) and Paroxetine (Seroxat). Medications take 2-4 weeks to take effect.
If you have been diagnosed with PND and you are undergoing treatment it's vital to consider these things:
- Try to get as much rest as possible – draft in willing family or friends to mind the baby between feeds so that you can rest.
- Eat a well-balanced diet – long periods without eating will cause your blood sugars to drop which will cause further exhaustion.
- Exercise – even gentle walking will help to lift your mood.
- Try to meet other mums – join a mum and baby group in your local area.
- Put yourself first – not easy with a new baby I know, but prioritise other things that are non-essential. You don’t need any extra stresses in your life when you are trying to get better.
If you are pregnant or thinking aout getting pregnant and have suffered with depression in the past, make sure to have a discussion with your doctor early in the pregnancy. You can be monitored during the pregnancy for early signs of depression, and early intervention will mean that your recovery will be quicker and easier.
Dr Rachel Mackey is a women's health specialist at Women's Health Clinic and author of The Women's Health Book: A Guide for the Irish Woman. 
