Everything you need to know about menstrual cups – the pros and cons

Menstrual cups are gaining popularity as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional menstrual products like tampons and pads

Particularly in the aftermath of some alarming findings of an exploratory study in the US, more and more people are seeking alternatives to tampons.

If you’re considering making the switch, it's important to understand what menstrual cups are, how they work, as well as the benefits and potential challenges they present.

So, here’s everything you need to know about menstrual cups.

What Are Menstrual Cups?

Menstrual cups are reusable, flexible, bell-shaped devices made from medical-grade silicone, rubber, or elastomer.

They are designed to be inserted into the vagina to collect menstrual blood rather than absorb it.

Most menstrual cups can be used for up to 12 hours before needing to be emptied, washed, and reinserted.

How to Use a Menstrual Cup

Insertion: Before using a menstrual cup for the first time, sterilise it by boiling it in water for 5-10 minutes. To insert, fold the cup (common folds include the C-fold, punch-down fold, or 7-fold), and gently insert it into the vagina. The cup should sit low in the vaginal canal and open up to form a seal against the vaginal walls.
Wearing: Once inserted correctly, the menstrual cup should not cause any discomfort. You can go about your daily activities, including exercise, swimming, and sleeping, without worry.
Removal: To remove the cup, wash your hands thoroughly, pinch the base of the cup to break the seal, and gently pull it out. Empty the contents into the toilet, rinse the cup with water, and reinsert. At the end of your menstrual cycle, sterilise the cup again before storing it.

Benefits of Menstrual Cups

Cost-Effective: While the initial cost of a menstrual cup (ranging from €20 to €40) is higher than a box of tampons or pads, it can last for several years, making it a more economical choice in the long run.
Environmentally Friendly: Menstrual cups generate significantly less waste than disposable menstrual products. By switching to a menstrual cup, you can reduce your contribution to the millions of tons of menstrual product waste generated annually.
Health Benefits: Menstrual cups do not contain chemicals, fragrances, or bleaches, reducing the risk of irritation and allergic reactions. They also have a lower risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) compared to tampons.
Convenience: Menstrual cups can hold more fluid than tampons or pads, meaning you need to empty them less frequently. This can be particularly beneficial during heavy flow days or when traveling.

Potential Challenges

IUD interference: Some manufacturers don’t recommend using a menstrual cup if you have an intrauterine device (IUD) inserted, as there’s a chance the cup could pull on the string or dislodge it. However, a 2012 study found no evidence of this.
Learning Curve: It can take a few cycles to get used to inserting and removing a menstrual cup. Some users may find the process difficult initially.
Proper Fit: Finding the right size and fit is crucial for comfort and effectiveness. Most brands offer different sizes based on age, childbirth history, and flow intensity. It may take some trial and error to find the perfect fit.
Maintenance: Menstrual cups require regular cleaning and sterilisation to maintain hygiene. This can be inconvenient in situations where you don’t have access to clean water or privacy.
Insertion and Removal: Some people may find inserting and removing the cup uncomfortable or difficult, especially if they have a low cervix or are not familiar with their anatomy.

Whether you're motivated by environmental concerns, cost savings, or personal health, menstrual cups are worth considering as a great option for menstrual care.

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